The black king holds the and the rook keeps the white king off the sixth rank (for example rook to b6rook to b6 or rook to g6rook to g6). Once the pawn advances to e6 the white king has no shelter, and the rook switches to from behind. Do not leave the sixth rank too early.
Moves
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About this endgame
This is the basic defence in rook and pawn endings, the first one to learn. It is named after François-André Danican Philidor, the great French player of the 18th century, who was also an opera composer. He analysed it in 1777. It comes up when the defending king has reached the square in front of the enemy pawn in time, and it is played in two stages. While the pawn stays back, your rook holds your third rank and the attacking king cannot step up without being . Once the pawn steps onto that rank, it can no longer shelter its king, and your rook goes to the far end of the board to check from behind, from a distance. The classic mistake is the passive defence, with the rook waiting on your : in this very position, that move loses. Played correctly, the Philidor position is a draw.